Starter for internal-combustion engines.



J. K. STEWART, DECD, 1. B. STEWART. EXECUIRIX. STARTER FOR INTEBNALVCOMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED HOV. I0 1915. nsuswsn FEB. 26. 1917 1,242,991

Patented Oct. 16, 1917. 3 SHEETS-SHEET NES.

w, 2 m .mwm HQ W W A w M VIII/2V7 w 3 E M m w a a a N M 6 P MN W x i. K. STEWART, DE OD. 1. B. sriwmn. EXECUTRIX. STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES APPLICATION man NOV. 10. ms. nzuswzo FEB. 26. 19:1. LQ42,997, Patented 0ot.16,1917.

III/ I/I/l III I llII/II Jenni; sirnwnnr, on NEW roan/ n? Y.; JnLiA 1;. s'rnwan'r EXECUTRIX' or sen) JoHn srnwnn'r, nnoEA'snD.

srenrna Eon INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.-

' Specification of Letters Patent.

PatentedOet. 1c, 1231?.

Application;filedlq'ovember 10, 1915, fierial No. 60,728. Renewed February 26, 1917. 7 Serial No. 151,147.

To all whom it may concern i Be it known that I, JOHN K. STEWART, a

, ternal-Combustion Engines, ofgwhich the V following is a specification. i

citizen of the Unite d States, residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Starters for Ina The purpose of ithisinventi vide an improved device for starting the;

internal combustion, engine of an automob116, by the 'l'GiIClZlOILOf ZL spring which 1s wound by the running ofthe engine; It.

consists in the elements and features of con {f n theclaims. I

struction shown and described as indicated In the drawings ,t I a a f iFigure 11s a plan view of a portion of lithe forward end ofa motor vehicle and the a engine thereon equipped with a deviceembodying this inrention.

F1g 2, rear end, ele ation the. safer s -Hm a: a I a Fig. 3 is a section at the line on Fig. 4 isa vertical section at the'line H qonEig. l. a

I lapped portions of the two members of the 1 starting shaft, showing their clutch engage-fl mjent, and the detail construction for,retain i Fig. i 5 section at the line 55 on :1- l

ing grease in the casing. a I

Fig.9 isa detail section in plane as Fig, 5, showing the coupling offlthe two members of,the startingg shaft with said;

a c members in different relative, positions, from f Fig. lQ is a gh riiontalsectionalview of the casing, disclosing a top planyiew of the a power spring and winding-up train thereini, Fig.11 1s a transaxial section; atthe line ll ll'on Fig. 10.

:Fig. :12, is al section 7' the line i on": .Fig. 10.

QFigi, 13 is a detail side elevationgshowing ,the planet pinionand a segmentof the final gear and of the master gear of theplanetary se t a f Wmdms PPP l" i on is to pro- Fig. 14; isan enlarged detail edge view of the master gear and the final driven gear of the planetary train atthe point in their circumference at which they have their teeth alined, the planet pinion being shown in dotted line, n I V i i Fig. 15 is a similar view at a point in the circumference in the gears at which their teeth arenot alined,the planet pinionat that position being. shown in full line,

The starting mechanism which constitutes this invention is shownin the drawings applied to a familiar type of motor vehicle by substitution of the mounting parts of the starter in the position and place of certain familiar parts of such motor vehicle and its engine, which parts will ,be referred to but not, shown in the drawings. i

In the drawings, AII'BPIBSBIltS a portion of the chassis or frame structure ofthe vehicle, A being the forward transverse bar which is situated abovethe forward spring partly shown atB. Die the fan pulley on the engine crank shaft D. g. In place of the hearing pillow for, the forward endof the engine ,frame orcrank case,

E, and the jonrnal hearing of the customary starting, shaft, which pillow together ,with, the customary starting. shaft and itscrankflis discarded for mounting on the vehicle and connecting with its engine the present starting device, there is mounted on theforward transverse frame bar, A the starter casing, 1 having at the rear end a from whichthe starting shaft bearing pillow has. been, removedetogethera with its crank. Thefiange, 1" hasa capped seat, 1", for the rear terminal, e, of the engine frame or crank case,,in place, ofithe similar seat with-which the removed pill'owwas provided. In the member-2, Which enters through,but does not require any bearing support in,-cthe rear terminal, e,of the engineframe at the bearing aperture, e vacated by the removed startingshaft. The rear squared/end? of this engine-connected starting shaft member,

2,-engages for sliding in and revolving with il' flg cupshaped terminal, 3, which, is proportioned to enter the annular cavity of the ;pulley,-C, in which the clutch-member casing, 1, there is journaled as hereinafter more particularly, described the starting shaft comprising therear member,hereinafter referred to asrthe engine-connected The casing, 1,L-'comprises ;two

of the customary starting shaft enters for engaging \vith. the clutch pin, 3", which customarily also secures the fan pulley to the" engine crank-shaft; and saidclutch pin be- "15 reacts between the bottom'of the bore and v.end of the engine crank shaft wh-ich is ex pdse d at the center of the hub iof, the fan "pulley 'for "thrusting, the sl1a-ft"-mem "ber, 2,forw,ar d at its sliding connection with '20 thetermrnal, 3 Fortransmittrng thethrust ofthe spring, 4:,tothefiengi1ie :shafta shouldered cei'iter pi nefl which telescopes in-the boflreof the shaft and whose-spindle, 4 reduced in diameter to form the shoulder, 1,

zezextends :within the, coiled spring, has its cone point, 4 ,f'seatedin a center conical socket' bored m me-emu cine. shaft, and by this means the shaft ,member', 2, 'is steadied and kept fiaXiall-y "alined awith 1 the engine 3o shaft, ipreventing' rattling which 'might 1 otherwiseoccur at pthis'co'nne'ction which is necessarily .somewhatfloose to insure freedom of s'h'dm'gof theshaft member, 2, 1n

the terminal, ,3.

distinguish- "able'chambers or'housiiigs 1 'Ihamber' 1 there"arefhoused he" several "members of a 'oneway"draw m' vice, hereinafter more 'partlcularly describedfwhich mamas the' rear or engine 1 fconnected member of "the sta rting shaft with I the herein after mentioned iforward -m'e'mb er 5 ,hereinafter called the-prime moving-member thereof. v The second Chamber l jhousesthe *motor gspring, -10, and the gear, train for windingfu'p that;spring.- The two members of "the casing forming"these*twd housings P orchambers aretelescoped, the ila'tterupon 5 0, are, fu rther secure'cb'again'st"slippage; j by iscrews "1.

'- The forward (or prime-moving"member, 7,

'o'ftthe starting sh aft is'tubul'ar, andiha s its' aXla'l "cavity of suitable adiame terdo receive "\vithin"it fthe ratch'et clutch :head ,2 with which the :rear shaft member 2 'is'terminated its forwardendffor engagement by" an emergency startingjcrank as hereinafter i e pluned. Said rear sh a'ft jnember, 2, has

I made"fasuto'itgjustbackof therat'chetclutch ""he'adi2 a "fitting, 11, forming a't the forward a 7 end. of theshaft member ananiiul ar cham-' ber 11 into iwhich' are rear" end the fob iwa'rd shaft member extends. -lfhis'fitting'T -"eompr1sesa ball race2 for'the ballibearing engine connected shafflmember, *2;

d' l". "In the {clutch de shaft member, '7.

indicated by the balls 2, by which the two shaft members 2 and i7 ,arerjournaled respectively in and on'each other; 'andit'comprises also an annular axially elongated race 2} for af-plu-rality of clutch balls, 2 posi- .tioned at equal intervals around the intruded-end of the shaft member,l7,;by--means of a like number of seats 7* distributed at "equal "intervals 'in its circumference, :said

seats being each formed by a spheroidal incut in the outer'faceofithe shaft member 7,

such incut "having its 3 bottom slopedrela- "tivelyto the circumferentialsurface or the shaft from the deepestypoint of thesjpheroidal incut out of the surface in thelm'e preferably curved 'eccentrically of "the shaft as'seen inFig. 7;so as to=constitute aislepe with respect to the circumference" of the shaft more "gradual "than *a --ho1-d through said deepest 'pointQ Then the "shaft is at rest a certain number of thefcluteh balls will gravitate ,a long theinclin'ed bottomof their said seats," and be in wedgingrelation "fbetween'said seats andthe race 9 ,;and will 'clu'tch the shaft members, 2,'and 7, toeach other, for driving originating-Withthe prime moving shaft member, 7,*in thedirection in Whichtha't member is actuated by the .mot'or spring, lO, as hereinafter'more particularly "described, and to j-permlt th'eir' relative I rotation when the shaft, 7, is re- -versely"'driven,- or when the {rotation in the first mentioned direction originates wiith-the Within the forward end of the fitting 11 there is formed'one member of'the ball race for a ball bearing, 2 which is provided'between said fittingfiand thereby between the rear shaft member 2,and the forward Another ball-retaining member of said race is a sleeve, 1 4c,"mounted for sliding on'the shaft member, 7, and connecteditherewith by pins, 14? extending-inward from saidysleevethrough slots,- 7 in "the tubular shaft member, 7, and-projecting in the ,cavity of said tubular shaft member and "engaging 'a sleeve, 1 5, which is positioned within" said shaft member, .7, and joperated as hereinafterdescribed;

' *Housedfin thecliz'rmber 'fo'rmedg by the i member l 'of thecasin g, there" is positioned at th'erforward -ie'nd the motor spring, 10,

"having its inner end made fast to the drum 21 which is keyed fast to the prime mloving shaft member, 7;'-*and atqits outer end it is made fast to theca'se member, l by' the bolt Ior :pin, 10?, inserted fthrough the forward wall-- of the casing, and engaging by its rear end one of theradial ribs 15, which areprovide'd primarily for the purpose of *stifl'em i ng thecasing. r p

25 is j} a Jlanet-gear carrying fdisk h'aving hub orflange25 vvhich is provided with ball bearings 51 in the 'h'ead or forwardend formed a st'eel ring 50 of the-mem ber,

1", of the casingywhieh forms therear end a and gear train as above stated. The primethe gear 27 but having one tooth less than said gear 27. Onlthe disk 25 mounted for I rotation about their axes which are 1303i, tioned in the circumference of encircle about the axis of the shaft, 7, there are three gear pinions, 29, 29 and 29*, whose width is such,

[ that they each engage both the gearsQ'Z and of the chamber which incloses said spring moving starting shaft member, 7, obtains a ball bearing in said disk,"25, as more particularly a hereinafter described.

Keyed fast into the shaft member, 7 immediately adjacent to the balls25 and forming one 1 side ofthe lOZIlljIELCQfOl the same, there is a.

gear 27.- Journaled onsaid shaft member,. 7, with interposed ball bearings, 33-33, hereinafter :more particularly described, there 1s a gearJQS of the same diameter as 28. For such engagement the pinion :29 has fact that the gear 27 has one tooth less than i gear it willoccurthat'whenthe teeth of the two gears 28: and 27 coincideat a given so pointin their circumference, as, foran enits teeth continuousacross its face so asto Y engage simultaneously both the gears 27 and r 28 whose teeth :coincide at that side oftheir czircumference at which they are meshed with the said pinion 29. By reason ofthe T gagement' otboth gears byy vthe continuous teeth of the pinion29 intermeshed with both 1 of thegears 27 and 28,-the teeth of said. two gears at a distance one-third of-thecin cumference120 degreese-around from, the. r point atrwhichv the 'teeth coincide or -are alined as mentioned, will beolfset orl mis alinedto the "eXtentof one-third the dis-- tance apart ofconsecutive teeth; and inordcr therefore to adaptthe pinions29tand; 29 to mesh properly with the teeth" ofboth, the gears 27 and 28, sa1d pinions arexcon-- structed with twobanks of teeth oilf'set or in one direction-around the pinion, and the the gear 28 offset a like distance in the'oppo-z sitedirection, souas to correspond with the 5 .misalinement or circumferential Jofi'setting sort the teeth "of thegears27= and 28 atthe :points situated respectively 120% degrees in v i opposite directions circumferentially from the pinion 29, thatis, at thepoints at which. 1 said pinions 29 1and-29 respectively are situated; By this means all threejof the.

wpinions 29, 29 anch29 are: equally Jefi'ective yin respectlto their engagement with bothlthe F gears 27 and 28 for transmitting rotary mo- 1: tion lli tl le operation of thelplanetary gear system of rwhichf they are 5 parts; and the stress upon the engaged teeth in such transmission is thereby rendered only one-third I what it would be if only a single pinion 29 were employed in the transmlsslon. In v1ew of the very severe stress towhich the teeth '01"? this planetary gear train are subjected in the work to be done in thewinding of the spring, and theimportance of compactness inthestructure, this expedient, permitting the employment of relatively fine teeth, and therefore relatively small gears, is consid- L cred of importance in this structure.

Rigid, and if desired formed unitarily, with the gear 28 there isprovideda locking disk 28 which is most conveniently pr0- videdwith the samenumber of teeth for locking as the gear28 has for meshing with ;the planetary pinions 29, 29 and 29 said teeth of the locking disk being for engage ment with the teeth of a,locl ing device, which consists of aadog 3O pivoted on an eccentric wrist'3l of a rock shaft 31 journale'd in an appended member lfof the cas ing and provided with means. hereinafter described for rocking it to cause the eccentrio wrist to withdraw the dog from or thrust it toward the gear 28 for disengagement and engagement of the teeth of the segment terminal of said dog 30, said segment terminal, comprising a suthcient number of teethto' aiiord engagement with a like number of teeth of gear 28 to safely hold said gear without undue stress upon any one of the teeth thus engaged. A spring .30 reacts in the dog to rock it about the wrist in the reverse otitslocking(direction. The toothed segment terminal 30? of the dog is eccentric tothe axis of the eccentric wrist which is the fulcrum or pivot of the dog, and at all positions of thatwrist 'pos; sible in the operation of the, device said, seg} mentterminal is eccentric also to the rock shaftfil; and the rock shaft axis andjthe wristaxis aresolocated relativelyto segmentterminal and to, the axis 3 of the lock ing' gear 28 that when saidthree axeshare substantially in the same plane,-that is uwhen the rock shafthas been turned to bring the eccentric wrist axis into the plane of the other two axes the segment ter; i minal- 30 is meshed to the fullest extent with thelockinggear QSHwhich might be expressed to, theeffect that atwthat condition the plane containing the axis of curvature ofthe segment terminal and the mm of :the (locking gearZSa substantiallyalblsects the segment. This arrangement giveswthe greatest locking or holding 'eiiiciency' with a given tooth-depth inthe locking gear 28 and the segment-terminal, because the lock;

ing :occurs with the maximumvnumber of teeth engaged' .The severalaxes mentioned are also so located relatively that when the rockshaft axis, the] wristaxis and the axis poi the, locking gear z28 areinthe same plane I point on the dash ator. ,Y Y I Doiible ballbearings interposed 'betweeirthe shaft member 7' and the gear "as described, with the wrist axis between the "other two for holding the locking gear at "locking position, the axis ofcurvature of the segment terminal 30 is situated at the side of said plane from which the engaged I circumference of the locking gear would be I "the moved toward said plane in the rotation of theplanetary gear carrylng d1sk if said lockgear were not locked. "1e

dog self-stopping at the lockingposition described, because the rotation'of the locking 7 gear 28 in the direction in which alone it could be rotated by the reaction ofthe spring 1 would-haveto cause the dog, whether turningabout its own pivot on the wrist or turning together with :the wrist about the axis of the rock shaft, to crowd apart the axis of the gear'PQS on "the one hand and the axes ofa the rock shaft and wrist on the other hand,

which is impossible, because'the three axes "being in line the pressure cannot operate to fold the joint at the wrist, and the rock shaft bearing is absolutely fixed with respeet to bearing ofthe shaft of the gear.

But when the operator by the means provided rocks the rock shaft'in the direction for carrying the wrist out of line withthe' 1 other two axes, and back toward the side from which the locking gear '28 would be revolved by the motor spring 10, far enough to make the d1s'tanoe of the wrist axls from the locking gear suflicient' to accommodate the dog *at'th'e most remote tooth of its seg *ment terminal between the wrist and the I "2 L will rotate locking gear, themotor spi' king gear which 1n turn engaging the en t ternnn'al of the dog will swing the tei about "the wrist, feeding the segment but of mesh with th'e locking gear, and the V "will swing it back clearing the locking gear to a " at -'ti liieh'it is ready to be moved into engage-1 "rock shaft being rocked a little farther in the same direction, 'thes'pringBO acting on.

the dog ten din g'b ut only with slight stress-eta swing it back about the wrist,

position',shown in dottedline in Fig. 6

rnent o-f itssegrnent terminalwith the locking "gear; as at the commencement of the "cycle" of movements described. For operat-v ing the rock shaft31 there is connected to i it a flexible or jointed shaft member 44 e 1 whose universal j oints or flexibility adapt it communicate the necessary rocking movewhich? be journale'd' at a convenient within reach of the oper- 28 lavetheir respecti e; races laterally to form'ed'at ondside by the side of the gear. and at the opposite side by a hardened ring 34interposed'between the'end of tflie druni to. whichthe spring is attached and the proXim -atesi-de of the'gear, 28, the

,ball races.

This makes the I I lateral wall'opposlte the steel r1 nt to the shaft from a handle not shown.v

balls of the two sets being spaced apart by any suitable number of spacing washers, 35, which form the proximate sides of the two there is a hardened steel washer 36 forming one side of a ball race for ball bearings 37 interposed betweenthe shaft member, 7, and the casing, the outer member of the ball race being a hardened steel ring 38 the ng 38 being the inner surface of the casing.

The sleeve has a threaded engagement at 15 with the hollow shaft'member, 7, with in which said sleeve is situated projecting beyond the forward end of said shaft member, 7. At the protruding portion said sleeve has secured'to it the inner end of helical spring 40 whose outer end is secured to the lwhich is formed at the forward vend of the fitting, 11. 1 I

The engaging "shoulders of the clutch teeth of these cotiperating clutch members are very slightly --undercut so as to resist longitudinal movement of the parts for disengagement of the clutch shoulders when they are in working engagement-and under the stress of rotation transmitted between them. This undercut is calculated to be sufficient in view/of therotative force transmitted through the clutchconnection, to resist .the rearward thrust which might be transmittedbyxthe sleeve 15 operating against the pins 14 .forp'ushing the collar 14 rearward against the ball bearings 2 which operation, whenever it might occur, would force the rear ofsaid two clutch members and 11 rearward. against the resistance of the spring, 4, for disengaging said clutch members. Itw-ill be evident: that-such rearward thrust'ofthe sleeve 15'would result upon rotation at the threaded engagement of-said' sleeve 15 with the hollow shaft memher 7, in one direction while't-he sleeve 15 wasprevented fromrotation; and it will be seen that so long assuch thrust is prevented the sleeve 15will rotate with the prime'inoving shaft .member 7, andno action willoccur between the two patrtheir threaded: engage ment. This condition 'will continue until by. the rotationof the'sleeve- 15, thespring iswound tight; and then further rotation At the opposite end ofthe drum of the sleeve being positivelyprevented,,the continued rotation of the shaft memberu7,

will force rearward the sleeve 15, ,(thehelical spring being Somewhat dished in the operation or originally) and will thereby positively force the clutch member. 11 out ofengagement with the clutch member 25 on the disk=25 thereby terminating the trans mission for winding the spring 10. The rea sleeve which was caused by the engagesistance to the longitudinal movement ofthe ment of: the under-cut clutch teeth as, described, beingno longer operative,the spring 40 will react and uncoiling will screw the sleeve still, farther into' the shaftmember 7,

and thusstillt-1farther separate the clutch members and 11? but onlyto theLeXtent 1 of the relative longitudinalmovement ofthe shaft; members 7tandu2 for which provision is made by .the clearance shown at 1 (Fig.5), a in the casing; and thespring 401 will therefore remain coiled nearly to the .full extent until, uponthe operator releasing the master gear to permit thepower-spring to react and uncoil for starting the engine the shaft member 7 is rotated inthe'reverse direction by the uncoiling of thenpowerspring 10,

which will first cause the spring 40 to be uncoiled and then will screw the sleeve 15 out again toits original position permitting the clutch members, 25 1and 11 to be reengaged ready for rewinding the power spring as soon as the operator reverses the rock shaft 30 for; throwing the locking doginto opera tion to hold the master gear 28. I

It will be noticedthat the casing l affords" a bearingfor the planetary gear-carrying disk 25, and that i that; disk affords a' bearing 1 for the prime-movingfishaft member 7, and

thereby said shaftunember-is supported on i the casing, and affords support in turn for the engine-connected shaft member, 2, which is journaled upon it as describedby means of. the fitting 3, all of which is effected by the following meansw-At the opening of the chamber-1 into, the chamber 1 ofthe casing there is setfast; in the; casing a hardened steel ring,x50, which forms the outer member of the race of a ball: bearing WlllCll;

is indicated by the balls 51., The inner member or ball seat of this race is formed at 25 on the outer circumferential. surface of the hub or flange 25 whose rear edge forms the ratchet-clutch member 25-.

i its inner circumference the outerseat25 of On the forward side thedisk 25 has formed at a a race for the balls, 25, of the ballubearing which is formedybetween the disk, 25, and

the prime-moving shaft member, 7,, the gear, 27, l1t1V1I1g Z-1t 1f/S rear side about its inner circumference an annular seat 27 which constitutesithe forward side: of the race for the balls 25.

Forconvenience of assembling the parts, forward end of the casing, 1, 1n whlch is I formed a chamber which accommodates and houses the spring,40, is'closed by a separa- MI ble cap 1?; and this cap is secured onto the main body of the case. i 1

The casing, '1, designed to be filled with grease for lubricating the moving parts ,therein; and to close the casing cavity securelyagainstleakage atthe forward end, a felt gasket, 60, is clamped to the case by thecasing cap, 1*, said gasket extending to the sleeve, 15, and hugging the same closely. Thesupplementalsleeve member 15 is exteriorly provided with annular grooves 15 15 in which there are lodged annular felt packingerings 15 which serve to prevent the passage'ofoil which may escape through theslots 7 through which the pins 14 extend; one of-said annular grooves being at one side and the other at the other side of the pins. For similar-purposes there may be provided a packing ring 60" lodged within the rear end of thetshaft member 7, just i 7' a, back of the end of the sleeve lofiand encompassing an A interior ,flange 11 which is formed on the fitting llia't the junction with the shaft member, 2, and completely closing the grease cavity at that end.

The operation of this device will now be described through its several stages and in its several functions.

Assuming the device to be mounted on the vehicle andconnected with the engine crank shaft as described with the engine at rest, the frictionallya. operating clutch balls 2 or some o fthem beingv in wedging position will engagethe starting shaft members 2 and 7 with each other for rotation originateting withsthe prime-moving shaft member,

7, in the direction for driving the engine from the starting'shaft, If the spring 10 rotating the shaft member 7 and thereby the engine-connected shaft member 2, and the. engine crank shaft, thus starting the engine; If the spring has vnot been previouslywwound, an emergency crank shaft,

which may be the usual starting crank not illustrated with its shaft member having the usual ratchet head,and which will have been removed from its mounting for substituting the starting mechanism describedwill be inserted through the hollow has been previously wound, the dog 30 being released, the spring, 10, will react for shaft, 7, within the sleeve 15, and engaged V with the ratchet-clutch head 2' of the shaft member 2; and the engine shaft will be ro- ,tated thereby for starting the engine. Thereupon the engine running under its owntooth between the gears 27 and'28 will cause the gear 27 to be rotated in the reverse directio'nr from,;the" dis-le25 and; only onee' for as manyrotations ofthe disk-25 'as there are teeth in" the gear '27; thus making. the f wind-i ing of a Very powerful springIimpOse a' comparatively small stress upon the. 'pini'ons 29, 29' and-z29 'and the gears to: which they are intermeshed- 7 As constructed and illustratedkit istcaloulated that 250 revolutions? of the engine .erank-shaft will be required to -fully wind the spring; so that: suclnwindingconstitutes a negligible addition toethe worle imposed upon'the engine. 'While the spring 10ris being woundthe spring. 40. is also being iwound When the spring 'winding rotation? of the shaft-member; 7 ha's: any woundnup" the spring, 40,--while:the gripot the clutehr teeth v.o'fthe clutch members;= 25 'andu1-1 preventslongitudinal movement ot-"theri sleeve, 15,: and! souprevents rotation ofxthe sleeye,: 15,- With? respecttO'f the L-sh af-t I mena-- ber ,-=7,{ and so aruses the sleeve; '15, to rotatewith; I the" shaft-member; 7, the: sleeve 1 5- beiiig positively heldag ainst'rotation swill:

be screwed into the. shaft member; 7 andat its inner end to :push the supplement-alrsleeveimember, 15 111Ward, z'. 6.-,- rearward and causev the latter to slide the collar 14" rearward pushing against the-iballsfi and forcingfthei fitting, 11, and the engine-connected?shaftV member" 2 ofwhich itis "the rigid; forward terminaL: rearward until the clutch member 11 is disenga ged from the clutch member 25 :and; the prime-moving: shaft member '7 :,is thereby: cut-16ft froma-the Winding drive 2 of theengine-conneeted shaft member Zyand the windlng;aotionz ceases; In this eondi tion the dogfEO? holding the gear 28 against;

rotation; thepinion 29,129? and'29 eng'aged at oneend'portion with the gear 28 and the other end portion with thegear27 holds said-gear 27,and thereby the prime-moving;

'shatt memb'er :7 at rest, while therengine;

continues to run'un'der its OWII"POWBI",1lJl'-l6'i engine-connected shaft member 2 rotat1ng relatively to the shaft member 7 and upon the latter operates noisele'ssly because-so far whandle of the flexible or j ointed shaft rock-' ing'the rock-shaft 3l'tocarrythe axisofthe crankwrist 31?, away from the looking"gear 28Rwill lift the heel of the: segment head 0t thelocking dog away from the looking gear;

and the latter underthe' stress of the spring operatingthroughthe planetary train as a whole and causing it as a wh'oletoflrotate about the axis: of the startingishaft will 'ro tate'in'; the direction of the enginesforw ard:

rotation feeding the segment head- (it the locking dog b a'ck i. e. rocking the dog? about the wrist u n'til it is out of' operati've-en gagernent with the looking gear; 28?," without the exercise of an appreeiableeiforfiby the operator forbreakin'g tl'ie'frietionai-gripf" of thelocking gear ott he dogg'which will be very} strong and would eause powerful operating' 0011116661011 to be necessary fo'r disengagement ot the dog: from the 1 gear if the c'li s'engagem'ent had to be efi'ected by di'-* reotly lifting-the dog out of mesh with the locking" gear. 1 The rockin-g movement int tor" will be' completedby -th'e action of the gear,:28 on the" dog: after tliesaid'initial rocking :has carried the wrist axis little I out of the line"conneeting;;the r0ck =shaft axis-the g'ear' axis but theoperatoncontinuing} in control ot the roe'kin'g will eontinue at a little fartherthan it will be autoin'atiea'lly eon'ti nuedfby saidgear engageof engagementrofi'the'toremost or most ec een-trieally portioned 'toothi w'ith the-look I ing gear; and: thereupon the: spring 30* will react to swing thef dog about the axis of the wrist 3 1" ba-eli in the o 'apositedirection from that in which the gear engagement has been sx'vmgi-ngut, to a position}. at which its -ment,- and Will 'litt tl'ie dog completely out wrist axis-will=-b'e' si'ibsta-ntiallyin the line from the reels shaft axis to the} rear axis;

so that upon the operator reversely rocking the shaft 31 after" the engine has begunto run under its own power; thattooth of the segment-head ofthe dog; will be engaged with looking: ge'ar, and the rotation of-the latter-will feed the dog into full engagement andcause the dog-to stop'the' gear and hold it loc'ke'di I 5 claim:

1 An engine starter comprising two aXi ally alined' rotatinginembers interlapp'ed and'havingbearingsupon each other and provided w1th one-way drivlng cluteh cone nections; ;aeasing;; a plaheta'rygear-train having the member which communicates the planetlwisekmovement journaled in the cas- 1ng,: and aflordlng ournal bearing for the outer-of said inter-lapped rotatingmembers;

the-central gear member ot'said planetary train beingv rigid with said outer of said membersa 2. an engine starter in combination with a cas ng, an engine-connected shaft:

member; an axially hollow' member outside of and vcoaxial with said" engine-connected sha-it't' member one-way driving clutch conmotions-between said eoaXial members; a

planetary gear train having its central gear memberrlgld wlth said outside'xof said 00- axial members, a main power spring secured at one; eHdtO: thecasing andat the other end to a member of nie nneary gear train; and a second one-,way drivmg clutch con nection between the engine;co11nectecl shaft member and a member of the planetary gear 3. In an eng ne starter in combination, a easing, 'mamfshalft, a planetary gear train and a power spring, thepower spring being secured at one end to the casing and-at the other end to a member of the planetary gear train, and themain shaft having two clutch other with are final connections, one with the initial and the planetary train. 4-. In an engine starter in combination, a casing, mainshaft, a power spring, and a planetary gear train; the power spring be ing connectedTat one end to the casing and at the other end to a member of the planet ary gear train, the planetary gear train comprising amaster gear and means for re leasably securing-the master gear to the casing against rotation with the train, the power shaft having two clutch connections,

onewith the initial gear and the other "ith thefinal driven gear, exclusive of the master gear, of the planetary gear tram.

5. An engine, starter comprising the following three elements successively interior each to the preceding, and journaled each upon the next exterior, viz: a casing; an exterior member of a planetary gear train, and an axially hollow member which carries the interior member of such train; and comprising alsothe master gear of the planetary gear train,"and an engine connected starting shaft memberjournaled on said axially hollow member. 7

6.- An engine starter comprising the followingthree elements successively interior each of the preceding, and journaled each upon the next exterioryviz'z a casing, an outer member of a planetary gear train, and an axially hollow member which carries the inner member of said train, comprising also an engine-connected shaft'member clutched to and havinga" bearing on said axially hol low member.

7. In an engine starter, a casing, a starting shaft supported in said casing comprising an axially hollow prime moving member, and an engine-connected member having one-way driving clutch connections with each other; a main power spring operatively connected with the prime moving member; a gear train for winding up the spring having its initial or propelling member journaled inthewcasing; the hollow prime mov ing membenbeing journaled insaid propelling membei'ythe engine-connected shaft member being journaled within the hollow prime 'moving member.

8. In anengine starter,jin combination a casing, a starting shaft supported in said gear member of the casing comprising'an axiallyhollowprime moving member and an engine-connected member having one-way driving clutch connections witheach other; a main power spring operatively connected with the hollow prime moving member; a gear train whose final gear is also operatively connected with said prime moving member and whose initial or propelling member has disengageable clutch connections with the engins-connected shaft, said shaft being longitudinally movable in the hollow prime moving member, and means by which the rotation ofsaid prime moving member in opposite directions for winding and in the unwinding of the spring slides the engineconnected shaft member for engagement and disengagement of the last mentioned clutch connection.

9. In an engine starter, in combination;

with a casing, adapted to be, rigidly mounted on the frame, a starting shaft supported in said casing comprising ahollowprime mov-' ing member and an engine-connected shaft member having one-way driving clutch connections wlth each other; a mam power spring operatively connected with said prime moving member; a spring-winding gear train whose final gear is also operatively connected with the prime moving member and whose initial or propellmg member has; disengageable clutch connectlons wlth the engine-connected shaft, said engine-connect ed shaft bemgloosely engaged for rotation at one end with the engine shaft, and a' connected with the prime moving member and whose initial or propelling member has disengageable clutch connections with the engine-connected shaft, said engine-com nected shaftbeing loosely engaged for rotation at one end with the engine shaft; a spring operating to thrust said engine-connected shaft in the direction for engagement of the lastmenti'oned clutch connection, and means operated by the rotation in opposite directions of said hollow prime moving member for engaging and disengaging said clutch connection.

11. In an engine starter, a power spring; a starting shaft comprising a prime moving member and an engine-connected member having a one-way driving clutch connection; the first member being operatively connected with the power spring for. winding it and for being rotated by infits unwinding {the second member being provided with means for operatively connecting withv the engine shaft forrotating and being rotated by the latter; a planetary gear train comprising a motor-spring-connected gear, a master gear, aplanetary pinion engaging :both gears and a rotary member clutched to and actuated by the engine-connected shaft and actuating the planet pinion; said rotary member and the master gear being both r0 tatable about the starting shaft; disengage able clutch connections between SZLlClTOtaIY member and the engine-connected shaft member; a casing in which the starting shaft members are journaled, and to; which the outer end of the power spring is secured;

qgmeansfor locking the master gear non-rou-shaft.

tatably in the casing, and means for releasing-the locking means to permit the bodily rotation of the planetary train about the aXis of the train for rotating the starting 12. In an engine startera power spring, a starting shaft comprising a prime moving member operatively connected with the power spring, and an engine-connected member havin one-wa drivin clutch connections; a casing in which the starting shaft members are journaled' and to which the outer end of the power'spring issecured; the prime moving shaft member being op- Meratively connected with the power spring for winding it and being rotated by it in its unwinding; the engine-connectedmem ber bei-ngprovided with means for operatively .connectinglit with the engine shaft .for rotating and being rotated by the latter;

a planetary gear train comprising a powerspring-connected gear, a master gear, a planetary pinion engaging both said gears and a rotary member disengageably clutched Ito and actuated by the engine-connected shaft and actuating the planet pinion, said rotary member being provided with bearings on vthe casing, and affording bearings for one member of the, starting shaft, said 7 rotary memberand the master gear being both rotatable about the starting shaft; the two members of the starting shaft being journaled one upon the other; disengageable clutch members between the engine-com nected shaft member and said rotary memher of the planetary train; means for looking the master gear non-rotatably to the casing, and means for releasing the locking means.

13. In an engine starter, a power spring;

a starting shaft comprising a prime moving member operatively connected with the power-spring and an engine-connected memr her having one-way driving clutch connections; a casing in whichthe startlng'sh'a'ft members are journaled and to which one end of the power spring is secured; the engine'- connected shaft member being provided with means for operati-vely. connecting it with the engine shaft for'rotating and being rotatedby the latter; a planetaryfgear train comprising a gear fast on the power-spring connected sha'ft member, a master gear, a

planet pinion engaging both said, gears, and

a rotary member having disengagea'ble clutch connections with the engine-connected shaft member; disengageable locking means for holding the master gear nonerotatabl'y in the casing means for disengaging the clutch connections between the prime movingshaft member and said rotary member of the v planetary train ,by the, rotation of the engine-connected shaft 'member in springwinding directions after a predetermined amount .of winding; i the'master gear holding locking means.

14:. An engine starter comprising a starting shaft consisting of two axially alined members one of which is tubular inter-lapped for a portion of their length and having journal bearings upon each other at transand means for releasing axial planes, one of said bearings constituting also a one-way driving clutch connection between the two shaft members; a caslng'; a planetary gear train in the casing having its planet-gear carrying member ournaled in the casing and affording a journal bearing for the starting shaft, whereby the latter is supported in the casing, the bearing of the planet-gear-carrying member in the casing being at a transaxial planelintermediate the plane of of thelstarting-shaft on said member and the plane of v gear train having its planet-gear-carrying member provided with a ball bearing for j ournaling it on the casing and a ball hearing by which it affords means for jiournaling the starting shaft upon it, whereby the starting shaft has ball bearing supports onthe casing; a power spring having one end connected to one endof the power shaftrand the other end to the casing, the central gears of the/planetary train. being positionedalong the starting shaft between the power spring and the planet-gear-carrying niember and having ball bearingson ethevstarting shaft, the casing halting additional ball bearing for the starting shaft at the opposite side ing it and being rota-ted by it in its unwind ing; the secondnlember being provided with ameans for operatirely connecting it with the engine shaft for rotating andbeing rotated. the latter; a planetary gear train having member and its planet-pinion;carrying member and master-J gear rotatable about the starting shaft; disengage'able clutch connection between the engine-connected shaft member and, the :plai'retipinion-carrying member of gear train; a casing in which I permit the bodily rotation of the planetary trai'i the starting shaft. 4

17. In anengine starter, a power sprin a startingshaftcomprising a prime moving member ope-ratively 'coimecte d with the power spring and an engine-connected member baring one-way driving-clutch connec tions; a casing in which the starting shaft members are i'ournal'ed and ,to which the outer end of the power spring is secured; the prime moving shaft member being operatively connected with the power spring for Windingit and being rota ed by it in its imwinding the engine-connected member being provided with means for operati rely connecting it with the engine shaft for rotating and being rotatedfby the latten the planetary gear train having its final gear fast on the prime moving shaft member and it planet-pinioircarrying me1nher provided with ball bearings o'nthe cas about the axis'of the train for rotating ing and (idol-ding hall bearingsfor one member of the starting shaft; and the inaster gear rotatable about, thestartlng shaft; the two members of the. starting shaft'being journaled one upon the other by intervemu ting hall hearings disengagea-hle clutch memhers between the engine onnected shaft member and the planet 1 pinion carrying member of thevl l-anetary train; means for locking the niaste r=non-rotatabl to the its final gear fasten its prime moving shaft a starting shaft comprising a prime movmg memberoperatWely connected with the power spring, and an engine-connected mem ber haringone-Way driving clutch connec a casing 111 which the starting shaft tiers members are journaled and to which one end of the power spring is secured; an engum-connected shaft member being provided with means for opera tively connecting it with the engine shaft for rotating and betable about the starting shaft; disengageable clutch connections between the engineconnected shaft member and the planetpinion carrying member; disengageable locking means for holding the master gear non-rotatably in the casing; means for disei'igaging the clutch connections between the prime moving-shaft andthe planet-pinion carrying meinberby the rotation of the engineecohnected shaft member in springivinding direction after a predetermined amount of Winding; and means for releasingfthe master-gear-holding locking means- 1-9. An engine starter comprising a casing; a prime-moving stair-ting shaft mem ber supported in the casing; an engine-iconnected shaft member; a power spring operatively connected with the primeanovn g' shaft member for rotating said shaft member; a planetary gear train having its final gear operatively connected for Winding the power spring; means by Which the engine connected shaft member rotates the planetpinion-carrying member of the planetary gear train; a locking dog adapted to engage the master gear of said train; a fulcrum for said-dog movably mounted in the casing and means for moving it toward and from the axis of the train, and for holding it at the nearer position.

20. An engine starter comprising a casing; prime-moving starting shaft member supported in the casing; an enginemonnected shaft member; a power spring opera-tively connected with the prime moving shaft member for rotating said shaft memher; a planetary gear train having itsfinal gear operatively connected for winding the power spring; means by which the engine connected shaft member rotates the planetpinion-carrying member of the planetary gear train; a locking dog adapted to engage the master gear of said train; a rockshaft journaled in the casing having an ec:

centric Wrist; the locking dog being fulcrumed on 'said wrist, and means for rocking the rock shaft to carry the wrist toward and from the axis of the master gear.

21; An engine starter comprising a casing; a prime-moving, starting shaiftmembir casing and means for moving it toward and from'the axis of thetrain, and for holding it at the nearer position; the master gear having a bank of locking teeth, and the dog having its gear locking head formed as a gear segment adapted to mesh with said locking teeth of the master gear and being eccentric to the wrist axis of the dog trending away from said axis in the direction thereabout in which the engagement of the segment with gear progresses as the gear tends to revolve under the stress of the motor spring. a

22. An engine starter comprising a cas 7 ing; a prime-moving starting shaft member supported in. the casing; an engine-connected shaft member; a power spring operatively connected with the prime moving shaft member for rotating said shaft memher; a planetary gear train having its final gear operatively connected for winding the v power spring; means by which the engine connected shaft member rotates the planetpinion-carrying member of the planetary gear train a' locking dog adapted to engage the master gear of said train; a fulcrum for said dog movably mounted in the casing;

means for moving it toward and from the axis of the train, and for holding it at the nearer position; and a spring acting on the dog for swinging it about its fulcrum in the direction opposite to that in which the gear tends to force it; and a stop limiting themovement of the dog with respect to its fulcrum support.

23. An engine starter comprising a cas ing; a prime-moving starting shaft member supported in the casing; a power spring operatively connected with the prime-mow ing startlng shaft member for being wound thereby and for rotating the power shaft 'in unwinding; means for connecting the an engine shaft; a planetary gear train I operatively connecting sald means with the primermoving starting shaft member with prime-moving starting shaft member for winding'the power spring, said planetary gear train comprising a master gear and a final'driving gear coaxial and of the same diameter and having a differential-of one tooth; a, planet-pinionbarrier and a plurality of planetlpinions distributed circum ferentially thereon each meshing both with the master gear and'with the final gear; one of said pinions having its teeth continuous for meshing with both said gears at once, the other of said pinions having their teeth formed in two banks offset circumfen entially from each other part of an inter-:

determined vstage in the spring winding. operation comprlsmg a member mounted:

for travel longitudinally of the spring-- winding shaft and having screw-threaded engagement with said shaft for producing such travel by the spring-winding rotation of saidshaft, said member having connec-' tions for forcing disengagement of the clutch by such travel; an auxiliary sprmg which is connected to said member for being wound up by rotation of said member with the'main-spring winding shaft; means for causing overcomable resistance to disengagement of the clutch member for delaying longitudinal'travel and thereby causing rotating said member with the spring-winding shaft until the auxiliary spring is wound tight.

25. An engine starter having in combination with a power spring engine-connected shaft member, and prime-moving shaft member connected with the spring for winding it up; awinding-up train, anda clutch connection for driving said train from the engine-connected shaft member; a means for disengaging said clutchvconnection at a predetermined stage in the spring winding operation comprising a member mounted for travel longitudinally of the springwinding shaft and having screw-threaded engagement with said shaft for producing such travel by the spring-winding-up rotae tion of said shaft, said member having connections for forcing disengagement of the clutch by such travel; an auxiliary spring which is connected to said member for be-' ing wound up by'rotation of said member with the mainespring'winding shaft, the l clutch teeth. being undercut for v causing overcomable resistance to disengagement of the clutch member for delaying longitudinal travel and' thereby causing rotation of said member Vith the spring-winding shaft until the auxiliary spring is wound tight.

26. An engine starter comprising thefollowing three elements successively interior ing shaft, both jonrnaled onthe primemov-' each to the precedingfand journaled each upon the next exterior, viz: a casing; the

ilanet-pinioh-carrying member of a planet ar gear tram, and the prnne movmg memberof a startni -shaft and com risin also the-master gear of the planetary trainan d the engineconnected member of the starting member of the starting shaft-..

27.- Anengine starter comprismg the fol lowing three elements successively interior each to the preceding, and ournaled each upon the next exterior, vizza casing; the

planet-pinion carrying member of a planet ary gear brain,

and the prime-moving member of a starting --shaft,and comprising also the mastergear of the planetary train and the engineconnected member of the startingshaft. both jonrnaled on the primemoving mcmberof the starting shaft, the primeqnoving member and the engine-com nected member of the starting shaft being longitudinally movable relatively to each other and having one'vvay driving clutch connections for driving the engine-connected member, by the prime-moving member, in the directionof proper rotation of the engine shaft.

28. An engine starter comprising the following three elements successively interior each to the preceding, and journaled each upon the next exterior, viz: a casing; the planet-pinioncarrying member of a planetary gear train, and the prime moving member oft-a starting shaft. and comprising also the mastergear'of the planetary tram and the engine-connected member of the starting shaft both jonrnaled on the primen oving member of the starting shaft, and apoiver spring coiled about the prime-moving shaft member and having its inner end operatively connected therewith and its outer end attached to the casing.

29. An engine starter comprising the following three elements successively interior. each to the preceding, and onrnaled each upon the next exterior, viz: a casing, the

pl.:met-pinion-carrying member of a planetary gear train, andthe prime-moving memberof a starting shaft, and comprising also the master gear of the planetary train] and the engine-connected member of the starting shaft both j ournaled on the prime-moving member of the starting shaft, the prime moving shaft member having an additional bearingon the casing at a transaxial plane remote from the transaxial plane of the beari ';of the planet-pinion-carrying member in the casing, and a power spring coiled about and operativel'y connected with said prime-moving shaft member intermediate said transa rial planes, I p

30, An engine starter compr sing thefollowing three elements successively interior J; we

each to the preceding, and jonrnaled each upon the next exterior, via: a casing, the

planet pinion-carrying member of a planetary gear train, and the primemoving member of a starting shaft, and. comprising also the master gear of the planetary train and the engine-connected member of the starting shaft both jonrnaled on the prime-moving member of thestarting shaft, and an engine-connectedmember of the starting shaft journaled onthe prime-moving member of said shaft for rotative and longitudinal movement relative thereto.

31. An engine starter comprising the following three elements successively interior each to the preceding, and journaled each uponthe next exterior, via: a casing; the

planet-pinion-carrving member of a planet arv gear train, and the prime-moving member of a starting shaft, and comprising also the ,master gear of the planetary train and the engine-connected member of the start ing shaft both jonrnaled onthe prime-mevingmember of the starting shaft, the engineconnected member of the starting shaft being journaled on the primemovingmember ofsaid. shaft for rotative and longitudinal movement relative thereto; ball bearings by which said jonrnaling of the starting shaft members on each other is effected having the ball race in one member extended longitudinally of the shaft, and means for effecting such longitudinal movement comprising a sleeve on. the shaft forming one a which said members are joiirnaled upon each other for relative rotation: said shaft members beingrelatively movable longitudinally at their said ball bearing and clutch connections. a i

Aln engine starter comprising a casing,

a tivo-memberedstarting shaft supported in l the casing, and consisting of aprime-moving member and an ene'ineconnected member; a power spring in the casing connected with the prirnemioving shaft member for rotating the latter bv the unwinding of the spring; means for winding the spring from theengineconneeted member of the ft I ne-We driving cliitch connections between the two shaftmembers consisting of a cup terminal on one of said shaft members into which the other shaft member intrudes; the said intruded shaft member having at its intruding parta plurality of circumferentially distributed and circumferentially elongated eccentrically bottomed ball pockets, and balls therein for which the cup terminal forms an exterior retainer and ball I'ZLCB. V

3%. An engine starter comprising the fol lowing three elements successively interior each to the precedingand journaled each on the next exterior by ball bearings, viz 2' a casing the planet-pinion-carrying member of a planetary gear train, and the primemovingmember of a'starting'shaft; and comprising also the master gear ofthe planetary train and an engine-connected member of the starting shaft both journaled by ball bearings on the prime-moving member of the starting shaft.

35. An engine starter comprising the following three elements successively interior each to the-preceding and journaled each on the next exterior by ball bearings viz: a casmg; the planet-pinion-carrying member of I a planetary gear train, and the prime-moving memberof a starting shaft; and comprising also the master gear of the v 3lanetary train and an engine-connected member of the starting shaft both journaled by ball bearings on the prime-moving member of the starting shaft, the engine-connected member of the starting shaft being longitudinally movable relatively to the primemoving member at the ball bearing connection between said two shaft members. v p 36. An engine starter comprising the following three elements successively interior each to the preceding and j'ournaled each on the next exterior by ball bearings, viz: a casing; the planet-pinion-carrying member of a planetary gear train, and the prime-moving member of a starting shaft; and comprising also the master gear of the planetary train and an engine-connected member of the starting shaft both journa-led by ball bearings on the prime-moving member of the starting shaft the two members of the starting shaft having -oneway driving clutch connection which also constitutes a ball bearing between said members. r

37. An engine starter comprising the following three elements successively interior each to the preceding and journaled each on the next exterior byball bearings, viz: a casing; the planet-pinion-carrying member of a. planetary gear train, and the primemoving member of a starting shaft; and comprising also the master gear of the planetary train and Ian engine-connected member of thestarting shaft both j ournaledby ball hearings on the prime-moving member of the starting shaft, the engine-connected member of the starting shaft having a disengageable clutch connection with the planet-gear-carrying member and being- 1011- gitudinally movable relatively to the primemoving member at the ball bearing connection between said two shaft members, for engaging and disengaging said clutch connection. Y Y r g 38. An engine starter comprising. the following three elements successively interior each to the preceding and jou'rnaled each on the next exterior by ball bearings, viz a casing; the planet-pinion-carrying member of a planetary gear train, and the primemoving member of a starting shaft; and comprising also the master gear of the planetary train and an engine-connected member of the starting shaft both journaled by ball bearings on the prime-moving member of the startingshaft, the engine-connected member of the starting shaft having a dis engageable clutch connection with the planet-gear-carrying member and being longitudinallv movable relatively to the prime- I slides on one shaft member pressing against the balls to cause the movement of the other shaft member.

39. An engine starter comprising the fol-- lowing three elements successively interior each to the preceding and journaled each on the next exterior by ball bearings, viz: a casing; the planet-pinion-carrying member ,of a planetary gear train, and the primemoving member of a starting shaft; and comprising also the master gear of the planetary train and an engine-connected member of the starting shaft both journaled by ball bearings on the prime-moving member of the starting shaft, said prime-moving member having an additional ball bearing on the casing at a plane remote from the plane of the bearing of the planet-gea-r-carrying member on the casing. 40. An engine starter comprising the following three elements successively interior each to the preceding and journaled each on the next exterior by ball bearings, viz: a casing; the planet-pinioncarrying member of a planetary gear train, and the primemoving member of a starting shaft; and

41. An engine starter comprising the following three elements successively interior each to the preceding and journaled each on the next exterior by ball bearings, viz: a casing; the planet-pinion-carrying member of a planetary gear train, and the primemoving member of a starting shaft; and comprising also the master gear of the planetary train and an engine-connected member of the starting shaft both journaled by ball bearings on the prime-moving member of the starting shaft, said prime-moving member having an additional ball bearing on the casing at a plane remote from the plane of the bearing of the planet-gear-carrying member on the casing, and a power spring in the casing engaged therewith at one end and engaged at the other end with the prime-moving shaft member intermediate the bearings of said shaft member on the casing and on the planet-gear-carrying member respectively.

42. An engine starter comprising the following three elements successively interior each to the preceding and journaled each on the next exterior by ball bearings, viz: a

casing; the planet-pinion-carrying member of a planetary gear train, and the prime-movthe bearing of the planet-gear-carryingV member on the casing, and a power spring in the casing coiled about the prime-moving member of the starting shaft and attached at one end thereto and at the other end to the casing; its attachment to the shaft member being intermediate both longitudinally and radially of said shaft member between the ball bearing of the shaft member on the casing and the ball bearing of the planetgear-carrying member on the casing.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses at New York city, county and State of New York this 9th day of November, 1915.

JOHN K. STEWART.

lVitnesses: 1

PHILIP C. LINDGREN, MARY FUNCHEON.

flopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of I'atents, Washington, D 0. 

